The presentation takes a deep dive into the space development options for both training and recovery spaces for first responders, including challenging some long-tenured “standards practices” in the design and details of these spaces. Ideas will explore increased flexibility, cost-efficiency, and practical use of these spaces, compared to common practice. Training spaces will include both traditional classroom (indoor and outdoor) settings, as well as physical and reality-based training settings. Discussion will include cost option studies for different scenarios meeting the needs of various size departments. Recovery spaces will include spaces for physical and emotional/mental recovery, including cutting-edge trends supported by documented research conducted by retired fire chief and current doctoral candidate Danny Kistner.