This session will focus on strategies for developing practical, functional apparatus bays and support spaces to enhance operational efficiency and training. We’ll cover how apparatus bays have evolved over the years and what factors now drive their cost. We will review a detailed overview of spatial requirements, lighting, mechanical systems, vehicle exhaust systems, fire protection, structural conditions, door operations and apparatus clearances. The seminar will also review the development of electric apparatus and how the advent of this technology will influence the design of stations for generations to come. Additional information will be reviewed for associated support spaces to ensure that departments provide hygienic conditions for first responders.