This course examines the planning and design requirements for modern law enforcement firing ranges, with an emphasis on safety, cost-effective operations and adaptability across training disciplines. Participants will learn how to translate operational needs into range layout, ballistic containment, ventilation, noise mitigation and environmental compliance, while considering the budget, site constraints and community considerations. The course covers design standards and best practices for both indoor and outdoor ranges. A major focus is on integrating emerging technologies—simulators, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), interactive target systems, movable barrier systems and smart-weapon diagnostics—to extend training capability, reduce live-fire costs and improve performance measurement. The session also addresses multi-program adaptability: configuring ranges for basic marksmanship, tactical team exercises, judgmental shooting, low-light/flashlight training, less-lethal munitions and de-escalation scenarios.